The structural characteristic of a non-independent suspension system is that the wheels on both sides are connected by a single integral frame, and the wheels and axles are suspended below the frame or body through an elastic suspension system. Non-independent suspension systems have advantages such as simple structure, low cost, high strength, easy maintenance, and small changes in front wheel alignment during driving. However, due to their poor comfort and handling stability, they are basically no longer used in modern cars, and are mostly used in trucks and large buses.
A transverse arm suspension system refers to an independent suspension system in which the wheels oscillate within the transverse plane of the vehicle. Based on the number of transverse arms, it is further divided into double transverse arm and single transverse arm suspension systems. Single transverse arm systems have advantages such as simple structure, high roll center, and strong anti-roll capability. However, with the increase in the speed of modern vehicles, an excessively high roll center can cause large changes in wheelbase when the wheels bounce, resulting in increased tire wear. Furthermore, during sharp turns, excessive vertical force transfer between the left and right wheels occurs, leading to increased rear wheel camber, reducing rear wheel lateral stiffness and causing severe high-speed tail-swing.
Double wishbone suspension is widely recognized as one of the best for handling, and it's used in the vast majority of performance cars and even F1 cars. It is also known as double A-arm suspension or double wishbone suspension and is a type of double wishbone suspension. Structurally speaking, double wishbone suspension can be considered the strongest independent suspension.
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